CAR manufacturers in Spain are offloading an increasing number of motors to countries outside the EU.
A 176% increase since 2009 has seen Spanish manufacturers target the US, Turkey and Algeria in particular, as well as South Korea and Mexico.
A total of 455,958 cars exported outside the EU in the last 12 months, compared to just 164,946 seven years ago.
In total 1.85 million vehicles were exported through the first nine months of 2016, up 8.4% from the previous year.
France, Germany, Italy and the UK remain the biggest consumers overall.